Karyotype Analysis Service

Karyotype analysis refers to the pairing and grouping of chromosomes to reveal whether the organism accords with the inherent chromosomal characteristics, so as to determine if the organism has chromosomal abnormalities.

Karyotype Analysis Service

Karyotype reflects the chromosomal status of an individual. Karyotype analysis can detect whether there are abnormalities in chromatin length, centromere position, the ratio of long and short arms, and the presence or absence of satellites. Many rare diseases have obvious manifestations of chromosomal structural abnormalities, making it a strategy to determine the cause of diseases from a macroscopic perspective of genetics.

• Abnormalities in Chromosome Number

More or less chromosomes can lead to the occurrence of some rare diseases. Patients with Down syndrome show abnormal mental development and multiple organ malformations due to the presence of an extra chromosome 21. And the deletion or partial deletion of the X chromosome in females leads to Turner syndrome, which manifests abnormal development of reproductive organs

• Abnormalities in Chromosome Structure

Chromosomal structural abnormalities include duplication, translocation, inversion, and insertion, etc. Loss of the long arm of chromosome 7 or of the long arm of chromosome 15 causes Williams's syndrome and Prader-Willi Syndrome, respectively, both of which present with intellectual disability. Walker-Warburg syndrome, acute leukemia and muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, type a, 1 are all related to chromosome 9 inversion. In addition, Potocki-Lupski syndrome is characterized by an additional copy of a small segment of chromosome 17 onto chromosome 11.

• Microdeletion / Microduplication of Chromosome

The missing or replication of a small fragment of DNA leads to the microdeletion or microduplication of chromosomes. Typical examples include the 2q23.1 deletion which causes seizures and developmental delays and 15q11–q13 deletion relevant to Angelman syndrome.